The Taliban
Statistics on Women and Children in Afghanistan
- 22.1 million people live in poverty and substandard conditions.
- 309,000 children under five years of age die each year; the under-five
mortality rate ranks fourth worldwide.
- The education of girls is banned in over 90 percent of the country.
- Only 17 percent of the population has access to safe water and only 10
percent of people have access to adequate sanitation.
- Adult literacy rate is 27 percent for men and 5.6 percent for women.
- Diarrheal diseases and acute respiratory infections cause an estimated 42
percent of childhood deaths.
- One in five children have signs of acute malnutrition.
www.rawa.org/facts.htm
General Information
Scores of women have been abducted and raped by members of various
political factions, often being treated as spoils of war. Thousands of women
have been indiscriminately killed in fighting between opposing sides in the
conflict. Hundreds and thousands of women and children have been displaced,
sometimes forcibly, or have fled the country as a result of systematic human
rights abuses.
Tens of thousands of women remain physically restricted to their homes
under Taliban edicts which ban women from seeking employment, education, or
leaving home unaccompanied by a male relative. Other measures restricting
women include the closure of women's public baths as well as being barred
from the streets for certain periods during the fasting month of Ramadan.
The Taliban have enforced these restrictions through the use of cruel,
inhuman and degrading punishments and ill-treatment.
(http://www.web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/index/ASA110011998)
In 1996, the Taliban militia came into power in Afghanistan. The
first decree banned women and girls from attending school. Today, education
of women is banned in over ninety percent of the country. Underground
schools are popping up, but the teachers and organizers risk death each day
for violating the Taliban.
Legal Restrictions
The Taliban has restricted all leisure activities. Their list of what
is illegal grows daily: music, movies, television, picnics, wedding parties,
New Year celebrations, any kind of mixed-sex gathering. They've also banned
children's toys, including dolls and kites; card and board games; cameras;
photographs and paintings of people and animals; pet parakeets; cigarettes
and alcohol; magazines and newspapers, and most books. They've even
forbidden applause -- a moot point, since there's nothing left to applaud.
Women are also forbidden to wear makeup, nail polish, jewelry, pluck
their eyebrows, cut their hair short, wear colorful or stylish clothes, sheer
stockings, white socks and shoes, high-heel shoes, walk loudly, talk loudly
or laugh in public. In fact, the government doesn't believe women should go
out at all. If women do venture out of their homes it must be for an
official, government sanctioned purpose.
(mosaic.echonyc.com/~onissues/su98goodwin.html)
Work
Afghan women in rural areas have always worked alongside men in the
fields. In the capitol, women often wore Western dress, served on
Parliament, and worked in a variety of professions, including medicine,
engineering, architecture, media and law. During the many years of war, as
men were killed, went missing, or became disabled, the survival of the family
came to depend on women's income. Before the Taliban ban on female
employment, 70 percent of the teachers in Kabul were women, 50 percent of the
civil servants and college students were women, and 40 percent of the doctors
were women.
Reducing women to mere objects, the minister of education says, "It's
like having a flower or a rose. You water it and keep it at home for
yourself, to look at and smell it. It [a woman] is not supposed to be taken
out of the house to be smelled." The plight of women, as stated by another
Taliban leader, is that "there are only two places for Afghan women - in her
husband's house, and in the graveyard."
(mosaic.echonyc.com/~onissues/su98goodwin.html)
Prostitution
The Taliban denial of women to have jobs has created a flood of
unemployed women with families to feed. These women face serious financial
problems and as a natural consequence their children suffer from hunger,
malnutrition, a variety of illnesses, and a chronic state of poverty. Those
who could afford to leave the country did so, yet others are left without a
means of income. These women make up the bulk of the beggars and prostitutes
in Afghanistan. A large number of these women are ex-teachers and civil
servants. (www.rawa.org/rospi.htm)
The ban on female beggars to enter shops, inns, or other trading areas
has further affected their income, forcing many of these women to enter into
prostitution for their survival and the survival of their children. As the
income levels for women are decreasing, the number of prostitutes is
increasing. HIV infection is on the rise among young prostitutes where it
claims many victims. Women convicted of "corrupting society" are often
hanged in a sports stadium, their face hidden behind the ever-present burqa.
(www.rawa.org/hang-w.htm)
Burqas
The legally mandated burqa is a garment which covers women from head
to toe. The heavy gauze patches over the eyes make it hard for women to see.
Since enforcing the veil, many women have been hit by vehicles because they
lack peripheral vision.
It has also become a financial hardship. It can cost up to five
months' salary which women rarely ever receive. Most women cannot afford to
buy one, thus they must share one. It can take several days for a woman's
turn to roll around, often too long to wait for severely ill children
awaiting a doctor visit. (mosaic.echonyc.com/~onissues/su98goodwin.html)
Depression and Drugs
- 97 percent of women surveyed show symptoms of major depression.
- 3/4 of the women say their health has declined since the Taliban.
- Opium is being taken by the women to ease the pain from inadequate health
care.
Help Organizations
Various organizations are taking action to help the women of Afghanistan
regain health, education and basic control over their own lives:
- Amnesty International
www.amnesty.org
- The Feminist Majority
www.feminist.org
- RAWA - Revolutionary Association of Women of Afghanistan
www.rawa.org
"I"LL NEVER RETURN"
- a poem by Meena
I'm the woman who has awoken
I've arisen and become a tempest through the ashes of my burnt children
I've arisen from the rivulets of my brother's blood
My nation's wrath has empowered me
My ruined and burnt villages fill me with hatred against the enemy,
I'm the woman who has awoken,
I've found my path and will never return.
I've opened closed doors of ignorance
I've said farewell to all golden bracelets
Oh compatriot, I'm not what I was
I'm the woman who has awoken
I've found my path and will never return.
I've seen barefoot, wandering and homeless children
I've seen henna-handed brides with mourning clothes
I've seen giant walls of the prisons swallow freedom in their ravenous stomach
I've been reborn amidst epics of resistance and courage
I've learned the song of freedom in the last breaths, in the waves of blood
and in victory
Oh compatriot, Oh brother, no longer regard me as weak and incapable
With all my strength I'm with you on the path of my land's liberation.
My voice has mingled with thousands of arisen women
My fists are clenched with the fists of thousands of compatriots
Along with you I've stepped up to the path of my nation,
To break all these sufferings, all these fetters of slavery,
Oh compatriot, Oh brother, I'm not what I was
I'm the woman who has awoken
I've found my path and will never return.
(www.rawa.org/ill.htm) |
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